Turing, “Intelligent Machinery, A Heretical Theory”, 1951. Сегодня...

Turing, “Intelligent Machinery, A Heretical Theory”, 1951

Сегодня минута классики.

Вот вам прекрасное пятистраничное рассуждение Тьюринга на тему обучения машин. Здесь это не machine learning, а education, но суть не меняется. На редкость актуально, хоть и прошло больше 70 лет.

Также до сих пор актуальные идеи про устройство машины: память, индексы (‘indexes of experiences’, привет векторным базам), грубые но рабочие эвристики, награды (‘pleasure principle’), и важность случайного элемента.

Позволю себе привести одну цитату:

“Let us now assume, for the sake of argument, that these machines are a genuine possibility, and look at the consequences of constructing them. To do so would of course meet with great opposition, unless we have advanced greatly in religious toleration from the days of Galileo. There would be great opposition from the intellectuals who were afraid of being put out of a job. It is probable though that the intellectuals would be mistken about this. There would be plenty to do in trying, say, to keep one's intelligence up to the standard set by the machines, for it seems probable that once the machine thinking method had started, it would not take long to outstrip our feeble powers. There would be no question of the machines dying, and they would be able to converse with each other to sharpen their wits. At some stage therefore we should have to expect the machines to take control, in the way that is mentioned in Samuel Butler's Erewhon”

Раньше, конечно, в пять страниц очень содержательно писали, сейчас так плохо умеют.